A FACTS–SEM Framework for National Radiosonde Standardization in Indonesia under Tropical Operating Conditions

Susilo, Hogan Eighfansyah; Vernando, Iqbal; Reimessa, Amy

doi:10.22068/ijiepr.37.3.2689

Volume 37, Issue 3 (IJIEPR- In Progress 2026) IJIEPR 2026, 37(3): 60-76 | Back to browse issues page

‎ 10.22068/ijiepr.37.3.2689

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Susilo H E, Vernando I, Reimessa A. A FACTS–SEM Framework for National Radiosonde Standardization in Indonesia under Tropical Operating Conditions. IJIEPR 2026; 37 (3) :60-76
URL: http://ijiepr.iust.ac.ir/article-1-2689-en.html

A FACTS–SEM Framework for National Radiosonde Standardization in Indonesia under Tropical Operating Conditions

Hogan Eighfansyah Susilo¹

, Iqbal Vernando²

, Amy Reimessa²

1- Research Centre for Satellite Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) , hoga001@brin.go.id
2- Directorate for Policy Formulation of Research, Technology, and Innovation, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN).

Abstract: (452 Views)

Indonesia’s dependence on imported radiosondes poses challenges for ensuring data consistency, calibration traceability, and operational resilience in tropical meteorological conditions. This study proposes an integrated framework combining the Framework for Analysis, Comparison, and Testing of Standards (FACTS) with Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to develop a stakeholder-driven national radiosonde standard. The FACTS methodology was applied through a five-phase workflow standards inventory, comparison, gap analysis, requirements translation, and validation to systematically benchmark 45 technical clauses from WMO, ITU-R, and ETSI against Indonesia’s tropical operating conditions, while SEM was used to quantitatively validate adoption drivers across 80 respondents from government agencies, research institutions, and industry. The PLS-SEM results confirm that measurement accuracy (β = 0.58, p = 0.011) is the most significant determinants of standard acceptance, followed by adaptability, testing reliability (β = 0.34, p = 0.008), technical compliance (β = 0.31, p = 0.011), and radiosonde performance (β = 0.24, p = 0.006). Model robustness is supported by contemporary fit indices (SRMR = 0.067; NFI = 0.934) and PLSpredict cross-validation confirming positive predictive relevance (Q² > 0). The proposed model successfully explains 76% of the variance in national standard adoption (R² = 0.76). The integrated FACTS–SEM approach provides a data-validated foundation for designing radiosonde standards compatible with WMO, ITU, and ETSI guidelines, while being optimized for tropical performance and local manufacturing capabilities. This study contributes an actionable framework to strengthen Indonesia’s SNI-based meteorological standardization and support industrial self-reliance.

Keywords: Radiosonde, Standardization, FACTS Methodology, Structural Equation Modelling, Tropical Meteorology, Indonesian National Standard, Zachman Framework

Full-Text [PDF 649 kb] (445 Downloads)

Type of Study: Research | Subject: Decision Analysis and Methods
Received: 2026/02/4 | Accepted: 2026/06/8 | Published: 2026/09/8